直(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)（或稱非車(che)載充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)機）是(shi)固定安(an)裝在電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)外、與交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)網連接，直(zhi)接輸(shu)出可調(diao)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)給車(che)載電(dian)(dian)池進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)，輸(shu)出的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)流(liu)調(diao)整范(fan)圍大，功率較大，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)速度快，俗稱“快充(chong)(chong)”。

如(ru)下圖，直流(liu)充電樁輸出由(you)9根線組成，分別是：

1、直流電(dian)源線路：DC+、DC-；

2、設備(bei)地線：PE；

3、充電通訊線路(lu)：S+、S-；

4、充電連接(jie)確認線路：CC1、CC2；

5、低(di)壓輔(fu)助電(dian)源(yuan)線路(lu)：A+、A- ；

直(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)(chong)電樁就是通過這9根線(xian)給電動汽車進行(xing)充(chong)(chong)電，電氣連接圖如(ru)下；

左邊是(shi)非車載充(chong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)（即直(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁），右邊是(shi)電(dian)(dian)動汽車，二者通過車輛插座相連，圖中S是(shi)一個常閉開(kai)關(guan)，與(yu)直(zhi)流(liu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)槍(qiang)頭上(shang)的(de)按(an)鍵（即機(ji)械鎖）相關(guan)聯，當按(an)下充(chong)電(dian)(dian)槍(qiang)頭上(shang)的(de)按(an)鍵，S開(kai)關(guan)即打開(kai)。U1，U2是(shi)一個12V的(de)上(shang)拉(la)電(dian)(dian)壓，R1~R5是(shi)阻(zu)(zu)值約1K的(de)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，R1、R2、R3在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)槍(qiang)上(shang)，R4、R5在車輛插座上(shang)。

i、圖中二極管防止反向電流，可用(yong)其他電路替代；

ii、泄放電(dian)路(lu)和絕(jue)緣檢測電(dian)路(lu)需要(yao)具備投(tou)切功能。

在直流充電樁工作時，輔助電源給主控單元、顯示模塊、保護控制單元、信號采集單元、掃碼模塊等控制系統進行供電。另外，在動力電池充電過程中，輔(fu)助電(dian)源(yuan)給(gei)BMS系(xi)統(tong)供電(dian)（需獨(du)立），由BMS系統(tong)實時(shi)監控動力(li)電池的(de)狀態。

1、車輛接(jie)口(kou)連接(jie)確認階段(duan)：當我們按(an)下槍頭(tou)(tou)按(an)鍵，插(cha)入車(che)輛插(cha)座，再放開(kai)槍頭(tou)(tou)按(an)鍵。充(chong)(chong)電樁的監測點1將(jiang)檢測到12V-6V-4V的電壓變化。一旦檢測到4V、充(chong)(chong)電樁將(jiang)判斷(duan)充(chong)(chong)電槍插(cha)入成(cheng)功，車(che)輛接口(kou)完(wan)全連接，并(bing)將(jiang)充(chong)(chong)電槍中的電子鎖(suo)進行鎖(suo)定，防止槍頭(tou)(tou)脫落。

2、直流充電樁(zhuang)自檢(jian)階段：在車(che)輛(liang)接口完(wan)全連接后(hou)(hou)，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)樁將(jiang)閉合K3、K4，使(shi)低壓輔助供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)回路(lu)導(dao)通，為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)控(kong)制裝(zhuang)置供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)（為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)控(kong)制裝(zhuang)置供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)），車(che)輛(liang)得到(dao)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)，將(jiang)根據監測(ce)點2的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓判斷(duan)車(che)輛(liang)接口是否連接，若電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值為(wei)6V，則車(che)輛(liang)裝(zhuang)置開(kai)始周期發送通信(xin)握手(shou)報(bao)文，接著閉合K1、K2，進行絕(jue)緣檢(jian)測(ce)，即檢(jian)測(ce)DC線路(lu)的絕(jue)緣性能(neng)，保證后(hou)(hou)續(xu)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過程的安全性。絕(jue)緣檢(jian)測(ce)結束后(hou)(hou)，將(jiang)投入泄放(fang)回路(lu)泄放(fang)能(neng)量，并斷(duan)開(kai)K1、K2，同時開(kai)始周期發送通信(xin)握手(shou)報(bao)文。

3、充電準備(bei)就緒(xu)階段：電動汽(qi)車與直流充(chong)電樁(zhuang)相(xiang)互匹配的階(jie)段(duan)；車輛控制K5、K6閉(bi)合，使充(chong)電回(hui)路導(dao)通，電動汽(qi)車負責整個系統的絕緣檢查。

4、充電(dian)階段(duan)：充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁檢測到車輛端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)正常（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)與通信報文描述地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)誤差≤±5%，且在充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁輸出(chu)(chu)最(zui)大、最(zui)小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的范圍內），充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機輸出(chu)(chu)預充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)（當前電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)減去1-10V）后，閉合K1，K2，那么直流充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路導通，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車就(jiu)準備開(kai)始(shi)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)了(le)。

在充(chong)電(dian)階段，車輛(liang)向充(chong)電(dian)樁實(shi)時發送(song)(song)電(dian)池充(chong)電(dian)需(xu)求(qiu)的(de)(de)參(can)數，充(chong)電(dian)樁會根據該參(can)數實(shi)時調整(zheng)充(chong)電(dian)電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)電(dian)流，并(bing)相互發送(song)(song)各自(zi)的(de)(de)狀態信息（充(chong)電(dian)樁輸出電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)電(dian)流、車輛(liang)電(dian)池電(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)電(dian)流、SOC等）。

5、充電結束(shu)階段：車(che)(che)輛(liang)會(hui)根(gen)據(ju)BMS是(shi)否(fou)達到(dao)(dao)充(chong)(chong)滿(man)狀態或是(shi)受到(dao)(dao)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)來的“充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)中(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)報文”來判(pan)斷(duan)是(shi)否(fou)結(jie)束充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。滿(man)足以上(shang)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)束條(tiao)件(jian)，車(che)(che)輛(liang)會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)“車(che)(che)輛(liang)中(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)報文”，在(zai)確認充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)于5A后(hou)斷(duan)開(kai)K5、K6。充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)在(zai)達到(dao)(dao)操作人(ren)員設(she)定的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)結(jie)束條(tiao)件(jian)，或者收到(dao)(dao)汽(qi)車(che)(che)發(fa)(fa)(fa)來的“車(che)(che)輛(liang)中(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)報文”，會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)送(song)“充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)中(zhong)止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)報文”，并(bing)(bing)控(kong)制充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)停止(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，在(zai)確認充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)小(xiao)于5A后(hou)斷(duan)開(kai)K1，K2，并(bing)(bing)再次投入泄放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，然(ran)后(hou)斷(duan)開(kai)K3、K4。

二次回路由控制繼電器(qi)、急停(ting)按鈕、運行狀態指示燈(deng)、充(chong)電樁智能控制器(qi)和人機交互設(she)備（顯示、輸入與刷(shua)卡）組(zu)成。

充(chong)電(dian)樁(zhuang)控制部分由主控制器(qi)、絕緣檢測(ce)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、計量模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、刷卡模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、通訊模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)、空氣開關、主繼電(dian)器(qi)和(he)輔(fu)助開關電(dian)源(yuan)組(zu)成。